O swato literatura  ande istoriya le manushenge lyas pe peste but halyarimata hai definitsiyi. Sar si halyarde te avel  ando gineralno si ekh korpo bukyako kai sikavel fetsi artistikalni kai wazdel les ka ekh klaso spesyalno ande ramome ekspresiya. Gineralnones, e literatura sas klasifime katar o veko kana ramosaili, o them kai ramosaili, e kultura katar avili hai e fatsa la bukyaki kai sas. Le fetsi ande literatura westikani si e paramichi vitiyazoski, e poema, e komediya, o xarno storiyo hai e novela, numa thai-vi shai te aven avre bukya sar papirya, serimata, biyografiyi, teksturya filosofikalni hai teksturya religyake. Le istoriyi le swatoske literaralnone la lumiyako sikaven e bari importantsiya kai dinyol kai poeziya.  Le molimata le bukyange ramome si butivar sikadyile ande dikhimaske vakimata sar formi, strukturi, zurale  ramomata, aparaturya hai  droma bukyake, thai-vi hulade konventsiyi hai priyoriteturya, sa kakale meken le te anavyardyile pala ekh forma spesifikno worka fatsa bukyaki. Ekh vokabulariyo spesifiknone swatonenge mekel le vakitorya/kritikichi  literaralnone hai teyoristurya  te thon ando rrundo le bukya artistiknone literaralni hai te aresen wunivar ka ekh desiziya pala lengo merito hai molimos. Le vakimata kai alosaren, amblal pe l’ filosofiyi literaralni hai le gindurya, skoli gindimatange hai le metodologiyi malade, kakale azhutin len te tolmachin hai te keren evaluwatsiyi le astetiki thai nevyarimata le bukyange. Kakale prochesurya si zuryarde avre kolansa, sar le cherkurya lilenge, salonurya, kumpaniyi bukfangi, asosiyatsiyi, djurnali, patronomos, vatri. Kompetitsiyi hai nagradi si aparati  kai shai sikaven o molimos la bukyako hai sa kakale bukya si importantni te thon ande gogi le atweturya anda sar le kanonurya, le klasichi, kurikuli edukatsiyake hai o zhanimos kulturalno si kerdile. Ande bishto kenturya, o monge zhanimos kulturalno sas dikhlo sar chachuno drom te transmitil o zhanimos. Thai-vi, e kenturiya meklas subdjektiviteto  ande l’ diskutsiyi  lituraralni. Ande wurma, si le ginitorya le bukyange kai si le krisinitorya hai tolmacha kai shinaven o molimos kulturalno ekh bukyake literaralnone.  Thai-vi ages si mai but oportunitate te kinen hai te ginen/chiton e literature kai si fatsa importantno hai kritikalno te buflyarel o zhanimos  hai kultura ande l’ sosyetaturya  dali istrokalnones sar manuskripturya kopiyime worka ando agesuno veko sar ilektro-bukfi kai si po Interneto hai ka shai hulyardyon ivya.

Sar kategoriya literaralno, e definitsiya la literaturako Rromane si phari. Le swaturya literatura Rromane shinadyile katar wuni zhene sas ekh mai chachuni representatsiya la produksiyako literaralnone.  Aver skolarichi, sar e yerto profesorka Milena Hübscnmannová, punktil ka o do-multani traditsiya la paranichyange mashkar le vitsi Rromane thai ka na domult sas bi-tronime pa o swato ramome te parrudyol  e “Rromani arta le shukare swatonenge” (Rromano shukar laviben) ande neve formi kerimaske. Sar ande l’ avre arturya, ãtoroya Rromane aven bute themendar hai ramon diferentni Gazhikane shiba thi-vi diyalekturya Rromane.  Antologiyi  Rromane literarnone ramitoryange/ramosarnengo pala penge kriteriyi stilenge, astetichi, fetsi, veko istorikalno, e shib worka katar aven si sa- gata  kezdime ande but publikatsiyi. Yekh le mai anglune egzemplo le bukyatar literaralnone (hai teyatrikalnone)  anklisto  ande pala-Oktobrune Revolutsiya ande Uniya Sovyetikno. O Rrusitsko Rromano literaralno hai teyatrikalno telazo kai anklisto ande  l’ bersha le 1920to hai 1930to anel pesa ramitorya/ramosarne Rromane sar o Alexander Vyacheslavovich Germàno, e Nina Aleandrovna Dudarova hai o Mikhail Bezliudsko, mashkar avrende. Mai palorral ande Polska, avilo aver importantno buki ando mashkar la kenturiyako bishto kana anklisti e Politsitsko-Rromni, e Papusha (Brontislawa Wajs) kaski buki sas ramome hai tolmachime katar o Polichitsko poeta Jerzi Ficowski.  Le bersha ande pozlo kenturiyi 1960to hai le 1970s hai mai palorral katar e Angla-Milai Prahoski, anklisto ekh veko mai prolifiko vash e produktsiya le Rromanya literaturako kai sas la laki vuni ando Ivropa estikani hai thema ando Balkano hai kakya produktsiya zhal mai angle ande l’avre thema zhi ka akana. Mashkar kakale ramitorya/ramosarne si wuni Rroma katar e Republika Slovakitsko (Elena Lacková hai Dezider Banga); Katar e Republika Chexitsko (Margarita Reisnerová);  katar o Kosovo (Kujtim Pacaku hai Ali Krasnici); katar e Serbiya (Slobodan Berberski, Rajko Đurić hai Jovan Nikolić); katar o Ungriko (József "Choli" Daróczi, Károly Bari, Menyhért Lakatos hai Béla Osztojkán); katar e Latviya/Russiya (Leksa Manuś); katar o Belarus (Valdemar Kalinin); katar e Romuniya (Luminiţa Cioabă);  katar e  Bulgariya (Sali Ibrahim); katar e Shpaniya/Franzuzo (Matéo Maximoff); katar o Franzuzo (Sandra Jayat, Luis Ruiz, Roberto Lorier, Lick, Esmeralda Romanez); katar e Finlandiya (Veijo Baltzar); katar o Nyamptso (Philomena Franz); katar e Makedoniya (Muharem Serbezovski, Ljatif Demir, Iliaz Śaban, Šaip Jusuf); katar e Bosna - Herzegovina (Hedina Sijerčić); katar e Bosna/Italiya (Rasim Sejdić); katar e Italiya (Alexian Santino Spinelli); katar e Serbiya/Bechi (Ilija Jovanović); katar o Bechi (Johann Horvath, Ceija Stojka); katar o Shvaitsi (Mariella Mehr); katar e Shpaniya (José Heredia Maya, Joaquín Albaicín); katar e Angliya (Glyn Bramwell Evens-Romany, Charlie Smith); katar o Shwedo (Katharina Taikon); katar e Kanada (Ronald Lee) hai katar Le Staturya Maladine la Amerikake (Ian Hancock). Le mai but kakale Ramitoryendar thai-vi si tolmacha. Le Rromane ramitorya sas thodine ande antologiyi, vash egzemplo  ando Rromane Lila-Cigány Levelek-Rromani Letters (2003), Антология на ромската поезия-Antologija e Romane Poezijake-Anthology of Roma Poetry (2002), Baxtaló Divès. Antologia a cura di Santino Spinelli (2001), hai Romane Poetongi Antologia (1995). E mai angluni antologiya Inglezitskones The Roads of the Roma: A PEN anthology of Gypsy writers, redaktime katar o Ian Hancock, Siobhan Dowd hai o Rajko Duric sas ankalado ando bersh 1998. O  International Romani Writers Association (IRWA) sas fundime ando bersh 2002. But  lila, djurnalurya thai hertiyi ankalade, wuni lendar kana thai porma, katar but fyalurya asosiatsiyi hai organizatsiyi. Kakale publikatsiyi wunivar anel andre kotora katar bukya literaralni hai poeziya.  E mai zhangle kompetitsiya le Rromane poeziyake si o bershesko Concorso Artistico Internazionale "Amico Rom"  ande Italiya.

Referentsiyi:

Bakker, Peter and Hristo Kyuchukov (eds), Publications in Romani useful for Romani language education, 2003.

Books LLC (2010), Romani Literature: Romani Poetry, Romani Writers, Memphis: Books LLC.

Courthiade, Marcel (2007), La Littérature des Rroms, Sintés et Kalés. Compendium à l`usage des étudiants de l`INALCO, Paris: INALCO.

Courthiade, Marcel and Jeanne Gamonet (eds), "La Littérature des Rroms, Sintés et Kalés." Missives (Paris: Société littéraire de La Poste et de France Télécom, 2002).

Đurić, Rajko (2002), Die Literatur der Roma und Sinti, Berlin: Edition Parabolis.

Ion Cioaba Foundation, "Rroma Writers", Romania. online.

Kovacshazy, Cécile (ed), "Littératures Romani : Construction ou Réalité ?", vols 1 and 2 (Nos. 36 and 37), Études tsiganes (Paris: Études Tsiganes, 2009).

Provot, Bernard (ed), "Littérature Romani," (4) Études tsiganes (Paris: Études Tsiganes, 1991).

ROMBASE, "Literature", University of Graz, Austria. Available online.

Williams, Patrick (ed), "La littérature des Tsiganes. Les Tsiganes de la littérature.", vol. 9, Études tsiganes (Paris: Études Tsiganes, 1997)